Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. ADHD is a common condition, affecting approximately 5-10% of children and 2-5% of adults.
The symptoms of ADHD typically begin in childhood and can persist into adulthood. Children with ADHD may have difficulty paying attention, staying organized, and completing tasks. They may also be hyperactive, fidgety, and have difficulty sitting still. In addition, they may act impulsively, without considering the consequences of their actions.
The exact causes of ADHD are not fully understood, but research suggests that it is likely a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Brain imaging studies have shown that people with ADHD have differences in the structure and function of certain areas of the brain that are involved in attention and impulse control.
Treatment for ADHD may include medication, behavioral therapy, and educational support. Stimulant medications such as methylphenidate and amphetamines are commonly prescribed to help improve attention and reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity. Behavioral therapy may include teaching children and adults coping skills, time management strategies, and social skills training. Educational support may include accommodations in the classroom or workplace, such as extended time for completing tasks or a quiet workspace.
It is important to note that ADHD is a treatable condition, and with appropriate treatment, individuals with ADHD can lead successful and fulfilling lives.